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Rin Tin Tin, the iconic German Shepherd movie star of the 1920s, stole hearts with his heroic deeds and unwavering loyalty. His exploits on film captured the hearts of millions, cementing the German Shepherd's reputation as lovable protector.
You probably know this breed as German Shepherds, but some people call them GSDs or GSD dogs for short. In Britain, they’re known as Alsatians. No matter what you call them, the German Shepherd dog is a much-loved canine that has impressed breeders throughout the centuries. With unmatched intelligence and loyalty that never diminishes, German Shepherds are a special breed that love their human families.
Quick German Shepherd Facts
Name: German Shepherd (sometimes erroneously spelled “German Shepard”), Alsatian
Origin: Germany
Size: males are 65-90 pounds and 24-26 inches at the shoulder, females are 50-70 pounds and 22-24 inches tall
Lifespan: 9-13 years old
Appearance: usually multicolored with a combination of black and tan, black and red, or black and cream
Temperament: playful, protective, intelligent, loyal, confident
Compatibility: usually good with children and know how to be gentle around them
Intelligence: very smart and can learn commands with ease
Exercise & Energy: lots of energy and need frequent exercise
Grooming Needs: must be brushed daily in some seasons, once a week at other times of the year
Training: one of the easiest dogs to train due to their intelligence
Health: prone to conditions involving the joints and bone issues like hypertrophic osteodystrophy
Highlights: lovable, smart, active, caring, wary of strangers
What Makes German Shepherds Great
High intelligence: German Shepherds are prized for their unusually high level of intelligence, a trait that makes training a breeze.
Very active: This dog is a good fit for individuals who want a hiking or jogging companion because they have so much energy.
Watchful temperament: German Shepherds make fantastic guard dogs, which explains their popularity in the police force.
Ideal for children: Even though this breed is on the large side, they’re often compatible with families who have young ones because they know when to be gentle.
No trims necessary: While these dogs need to be brushed regularly, their fur doesn’t need to be cut in the same way a Poodle or Yorkshire Terrier does.
What Do German Shepherds Look Like?
German Shepherds are distinctive for their long snouts, light brown eyes, and various coat patterns. The saddle pattern is common and is characterized by a darker color that appears in a “saddle” shape across the back. The breed can also appear sable- colored, which is a mix of red, brown, and black fur. German Shepherds are sometimes considered medium-sized dogs, but they often fall into the large breed category.
How Large Are German Shepherds?
German Shepherds can vary greatly in size, which makes classifying the breed size difficult. Males are usually much bigger than females and weigh anywhere from approximately 65 to 90 pounds. They can grow up to 26 inches tall at the shoulders.
On the other hand, females weigh between 50 and 70 pounds and are usually an inch or two shorter than males. Their back angulation (or sloped hind legs) contributes to the breed’s ability to run quickly and navigate obstacles with astounding agility.
What Are German Shepherds’ Coats Like?
The long-haired German Shepherd has only an outer coat, while the short-haired version has both an outer and undercoat. As is the case with many breeds, German Shepherd puppies are super fluffy. However, at about four months old, that puppy coat transitions into the typical German Shepherd one seen on adult dogs.
You’ll notice short-haired German Shepherds have a denser coat thanks to their undercoat. These undercoats, while keeping them warmer in the winter, can make them less tolerant of high heat.
What Is a German Shepherd’s Temperament Like?
If you’ve been around many German Shepherds, you’ve probably noticed that this breed exudes confidence. When they’re out and about, they often walk around like they own the place! That’s because this dog knows they’re smart and strong enough to deal with whatever comes their way. Although they’re quite protective of their humans, they have a very loving side with people they trust.
Kids that grow up with a German Shepherd puppy have a companion for life. Loyalty is a sure thing when it comes to the breed. Individuals who prove themselves worthy will soon learn they have an instant guard dog and a forever friend.
Do German Shepherds Have Friendly Personalities?
As you might guess, the German Shepherd breed’s desire to protect its humans at all costs can lead to some less-than-welcoming interactions with strangers. A well-trained German Shepherd will respond appropriately to its owner’s commands, but don’t be surprised if the dog barks when the doorbell rings or seems wary around new people.
Are German Shepherds Good with Kids?
Yes! For the most part, German Shepherds get along fabulously with little ones. Of course, all young kids should be monitored when they’re around a new furry family member, but typically, this breed is sturdy enough to handle romping around with children. Unlike smaller and more delicate canines like the Chihuahua or Bichon Frise, German Shepherds are built for an active lifestyle.
How Are German Shepherds with Other Pets?
Socialize your German Shepherd as soon as you can. Introducing your pup to other dogs when they’re still a puppy is ideal. They’ll learn how to approach other canines and learn that most of them are not a threat. Be aware that German Shepherds are not normally good matches for families who have cats or other small pets. As their name suggests, the breed has a long history of being used for herding. Although it’s been many generations since the German Shepherd was used primarily for herding sheep, that instinct to corral others hasn’t gone anywhere!
Are German Shepherds Easy to Care For?
No dog that you bring into your home is equipped to completely care for itself. When you adopt a German Shepherd, you’re signing up for many years of top-tier pet parenting. Of all the dog breeds out there, the German Shepherd is high on the list of ones that simply can’t handle inattentive humans. German Shepherds need owners who are willing to exercise them frequently, spend time training them, and keep their curious minds occupied with puzzles and toys.
Do German Shepherds Need to Be Groomed?
People that aren’t okay with heavy shedding dogs need not apply for the position of German Shepherd parent! This breed is notorious for shedding and blow their coats completely twice a year, once in the spring and once in the fall. During this time, they’ll shed so much that they need to be brushed once a day.
In the summer and winter, you might be able to get away with brushing them only once a week, but don’t be surprised if they need it more often. When you bathe your German Shepherd, you’ll need to use a gentle shampoo to keep their coat moisturized and free from irritation.
Are German Shepherds Easy to Train?
German Shepherds are perhaps the easiest breed to train thanks to their astonishing intelligence. While no two dogs are exactly alike, the breed as a whole tends to have an effortless time learning new commands. Begin training your dog as early as possible, and you’ll be pleasantly surprised at how many phrases your pup can learn! This breed is said to be able to learn up to 250 words, so don’t be shocked when you realize your dog goes wild with excitement when you say your friend’s dog is coming over to visit!
What Kind of Home Do German Shepherds Need?
A breed as active and energetic as the German Shepherd isn’t meant for apartment living. It is exceptionally difficult for a dog of this size and temperament to get all their energy out in such a small setting. German Shepherds need plenty of room to run and play. If you think you can leave your dog in the backyard for hours at a time, think again. German Shepherds need constant interaction with humans, so be ready to spend long afternoons playing fetch and tug-of-war!
What Do German Shepherds Eat?
All dogs need nutritious food specifically designed for canines. Limit table scraps since food meant for humans can be laden with fat, sodium, and toxic ingredients like garlic or onions. Over time, human food can cause serious issues for dogs including heart problems and obesity.
Instead, invest in high-quality dog food that’s formulated for maximum nutrition. To be considered “complete and balanced,” dog food should have 40 nutrients. Together, these components give your dog energy, help them grow, and keep their coat shiny.
Are German Shepherds Healthy?
Fortunately, most German Shepherds will enjoy healthy lives with relatively few medical issues besides the typical bad dog breath or case of the fleas. However, the breed is at high risk for developing certain conditions. Familiarizing yourself with common canine ailments can help you catch an issue in its early stages. With prompt treatment, many conditions can be addressed before they worsen.
What Are Some Health Issues German Shepherds Experience?
Even if your dog seems perfectly healthy when you bring them into your home, it’s important to take them to the vet for their annual checkups. In addition, you should be on the lookout for symptoms related to:
Hip dysplasia
Dogs who have hip dysplasia experience pain and mobility issues in one or both hips. They might limp, but many dogs are simply too good at hiding pain, and problems fly under their owners’ radar. That means veterinarians are often the first to notice signs of hip dysplasia. Usually, X-rays can determine if a dog is genetically predisposed to hip dysplasia, but they won’t necessarily indicate how severe the condition is.
Dogs with hip dysplasia may need surgery, although some may be able to manage symptoms with medication and weight management.
Degenerative myelopathy
While degenerative myelopathy in dogs is usually rare, German Shepherds are at high risk for this neurological disease. The root cause of degenerative myelopathy is a nerve issue. Myelin, a type of tissue that covers the nerves, begins to break down, eventually causing hind leg issues.
Unfortunately, no medications or surgery are available to stop the disease, but sometimes, acupuncture and other “alternative” treatments can be used. Acupuncture and acupressure may help relieve pain and inflammation.
Compulsive behaviors
If your dog repeatedly exhibits certain strange behaviors, they might have what’s called a compulsive behavior. Examples include constantly licking themselves or chasing shadows nonstop. While most dogs will do these things from time to time, the behavior is considered compulsive when they do it consistently and it’s difficult to get them to stop.
German Shepherds typically develops compulsions involving their tail, so keep an eye on any usual behaviors like tail-chasing. Your dog’s veterinarian must first rule out physical causes and behavioral issues such as separation anxiety, so they may want to run some tests first before diagnosing your dog. To treat compulsive behaviors, the vet may suggest drug therapy, training to reduce stress, and distraction techniques.
Do German Shepherds Need Health Insurance?
Because the breed is at high risk for several health problems, investing in German Shepherd insurance is a must. It’s no secret that medications and surgeries can be pricey, and no one wants to have to decline life-saving care because of money issues.
Consider adding a wellness plan to your insurance policy. These optional plans are not insurance, but can help you budget for wellness visits and vaccinations, so your GSD can stay up to date on all their medical needs.
What is the History of the German Shepherd?
In the late 19th century, German farmers developed the breed to help around the farm by herding sheep and guarding them from predators like wolves. Over the years, German Shepherds became renowned household pets thanks to their trainability and loyalty.
While most members of the breed are still found relaxing with their owners in cushy settings, many German Shepherds are trained to work as search and rescue dogs, police dogs, and even service animals.
Where Can You Get a Sherman Shepherd?
Individuals who are looking for a cute German Shepherd puppy have a few options. While you may be able to find one in a shelter or animal rescue, you will probably need to go to a breeder if you’re looking for a purebred.
How much is a German Shepherd? The price depends on the specific breeder, but luckily, German Shepherds aren’t considered one of the more expensive dog breeds out there. Still, responsible pet owners won’t jump at the opportunity to buy the cheapest puppy they find. Instead, you should do your research and ensure you’re not getting a dog from a puppy mill. Some breeders use unethical methods for breeding German Shepherds to try to make as much money as possible. Reputable breeders conduct thorough health testing, socialize puppies from a young age, and are always available to provide support and guidance to new pet owners.
To identify an ethical breeder, look for recommendations, research their reputation online, and ask questions about their breeding practices and health testing. Be wary of breeders who pressure you to buy, are unwilling to answer questions, or sell puppies too young.
Frequently Asked Questions About German Shepherds
Are German Shepherds aggressive?
German Shepherds are protective by nature. While they’re not usually aggressive, it’s important to socialize your dog with both humans and other canines. Early socialization can get your pup used to meeting others when you’re out and about on walks or just hanging out in the yard.
Do German Shepherds shed?
Absolutely! German Shepherds are famous for the amounts of hair they shed. Short-haired German Shepherds with undercoats will shed throughout the year. Brushing them regularly can minimize the amount of fur scattered around your home.
Do German Shepherds get along with cats?
No. Most German Shepherds still have an instinct to herd, and subsequently think they’re the boss of small animals like cats.
Are German Shepherds good with kids?
Usually. Families with children often find that German Shepherds make great companions for their little ones. Keep an eye on your kids when they’re playing with any dog to make sure they don’t roughhouse with them. That said, German Shepherds can usually handle playing around the yard since they’re not as fragile as smaller breeds.
Why do German Shepherds have hip problems?
German Shepherds have been bred to be as agile as possible. Many generations of breeding have introduced hip problems into their gene pool, giving their breed a higher chance of inheriting hip dysplasia.
How do German Shepherds do in the heat?
While German Shepherds don’t need to live in exceptionally cold climates, they shouldn’t be left out in the heat. With their thick double coats, they can’t regulate their temperature as well in the summertime. Keep their exercise limited to the cooler hours of the day during the summer months.